Maglev train a kind of modern high-tech rail transportation. Maglev train release non-contact levitation and guidance between train body and guide rail through the electromagnetic force, then drive the train via electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor. Maglev train magnet is an integral part of the hybrid suspension system of medium and low speed maglev train.
Classification of Maglev Train
Actually, maglev train can be classified according to different standards:
- Levitation force: electromagnetic suspension (EMS) and electrodynamics suspension (EDS).
- Material of suspension electromagnet: normal conductor-type and superconductor-type.
- Linear motor: long stator synchronous driving type and short stator asynchronous driving type.
- Running speed: high speed and low speed.
EDS maglev train applies the repulsive force between two same poles to suspend the train, and electromagnetic pollution much larger that EMS maglev train. EMS maglev train utilizes the attractive force between magnets and magnetic conductive guide rail to suspend the train. The field current of the electromagnet must be able to realize real-time adjustment via feedback control then change the suspension force, thus keep the dynamic balance between suspension forces and train body which ensure train body steadily suspended in the certain air gap. EMS maglev train has the relatively simple structure and low electromagnetic pollution, and medium and low speed maglev train projects in China have adopted this technology.
About Maglev Train Magnet
The suspension system of EMS maglev train is known for huge suspension energy consumption. The reliability and suspension performance of the system will be affected due to temperature rise of an electromagnet. In this case, introduce permanent magnet to the suspension system to form hybrid suspension is regarded as an excellent option. Maglev train magnets will provide main suspension force, and also can be easily integrated with other systems, therefore, electromagnet only need the small current to guarantee stable suspension. Maglev train magnet in the hybrid suspension of Chinese medium and low speed maglev train use Samarium Cobalt magnet based on consideration of thermal stability.
